By CMST

The digitalisation of the economy has profoundly transformed business models, with e-commerce assuming a central role in the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In the context of the Blue Economy, oriented towards the sustainable valorisation of marine and aquatic resources, e-commerce emerges as a strategic instrument to expand markets, reduce territorial asymmetries and promote sustainable growth models. This article analyses the challenges and opportunities of e-commerce in SMEs, linking them to Blue Economy sectors and the digital transition, based on empirical evidence collected from Portuguese companies.

By CMST

In the context of the Blue Economy, characterised by the sustainable valorisation of aquatic resources and the development of economic activities based on seas, rivers and associated ecosystems, customer experience (CX) plays a strategic role in the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Sectors such as coastal and river tourism, the marine economy, environmental services and recreational activities depend heavily on customer perception, service quality and the lived experience. This article analyses the concept of customer experience and its application to Blue Economy SMEs, highlighting CX as an instrument for differentiation, loyalty and the creation of sustainable value.

By CMST

Entrepreneurial culture is a determining factor for economic development, innovation and territorial competitiveness. In the current context, marked by the green transition and the emergence of the Blue Economy as a model of sustainable growth, understanding the cultural dimensions that influence entrepreneurship becomes particularly relevant. This article synthesises the literature on entrepreneurial culture, articulating it with the institutional perspective and the challenges posed by the Blue Economy, analysing the role of cultural dimensions in the creation of new sustainable businesses.

By CMST

This document examines the implementation of Nature Tourism clusters in Portugal's Peneda-Gerês National Park (PNPG) as a strategy to support the Blue Economy. The model seeks to create economic value from aquatic resources, including in inland regions where water resources are vital for tourism and economic activity, while ensuring environmental protection.

By CMST

Growing urbanisation, increasing pressure on natural resources and the challenges posed by climate change require new models of urban and territorial development. In this context, the concept of Smart and Sustainable Cities gains particular relevance as an instrument for operationalising the Blue Economy, by promoting efficient water resource management, technological innovation, environmental sustainability and quality of life for populations. This article analyses the conceptual framework of smart and sustainable cities and their articulation with the Blue Economy, highlighting the main pillars, benefits and challenges, without recourse to empirical case studies.

By CMST

The Blue Economy, focused on sustainable aquatic resource use, faces structural challenges in attracting and retaining qualified human capital. The industry's growth is constrained by shortages in technical, digital, and environmental skills. Additionally, the globalisation of work and the rise of remote working have intensified competition for talent.

By CMST

Reverse innovation has increasingly emerged as a relevant strategic model for the sustainable transition of the Blue Economy, by enabling solutions developed in emerging markets to be adapted and implemented in developed economies. In a context of growing pressure on marine and freshwater ecosystems, this approach proves particularly relevant for promoting operational efficiency, cost reduction and social inclusion.

By Eduardo Ulloa

January 2026

A grounded account of how artificial intelligence can help reduce territorial imbalances across Atlantic Europe. Drawing on hands-on experience with businesses, cooperatives, and public bodies, the article shows how AI can strengthen local economies, support small municipalities, and ease pressure on large hubs by redistributing capabilities rather than concentrating them.

By Nerea Abalde

November 2025

A concise introduction to the often-overlooked link between psychology and the Blue Economy. The article explains how marine environments support mental well-being, and how psychological factors shape people’s willingness to adopt more sustainable practices. It argues that lasting change depends not only on policy and innovation, but on values, motivation, and how individuals and organisations relate to the sea.

By Mila Rivadas - Blue Leader and Atlantic Innoblue Communities participant

November 2025

A personal reflection on teaching rooted in place, where learning flows between classroom, countryside, and coast. Drawing on rural life and children’s everyday questions, the article shows how education connected to the sea nurtures care, responsibility, and hope, planting early awareness of our shared relationship with water, nature, and the future.

By Xosé L. Garza | Vida Láctea

October 2025

A short reflection on how non-formal education and the Blue Economy are helping Atlantic villages re-imagine their futures. By valuing local knowledge, shared learning, and place-based innovation, communities find new ways for young people to stay, create, and lead without leaving home.